CMake 安装具有相对路径的目标

CMake install targets with relative paths

本文关键字：路径目标相对安装 CMake 更新时间：2023-10-16

我正在尝试弄清楚如何编写一个可以通过在另一个项目中调用find_package()来使用的库。我正在尝试遵循 Catch2 存储库 CMake 文件。

这是我提出的最小版本：(git 存储库可在此处获得)

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14.4)
set(project_name "hello")
project(${project_name} LANGUAGES CXX)
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake")
include(GNUInstallDirs)
include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
add_library(${project_name} STATIC)
target_sources(${project_name} PRIVATE "src/hello.cpp")
target_include_directories(${project_name}
PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/src/>
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>)
install(
DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/src/
DESTINATION include
FILES_MATCHING REGEX "src/.+.h"
PERMISSIONS
OWNER_READ
GROUP_READ
WORLD_READ)
set(PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/../)
configure_package_config_file(
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake/${project_name}Config.cmake.in
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${project_name}Config.cmake
INSTALL_DESTINATION
${PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION})
install(
TARGETS
${project_name}
EXPORT
${project_name}Targets
RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib)
install(
EXPORT
${project_name}Targets
NAMESPACE
${project_name}::
DESTINATION
${PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION})
install(
FILES
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${project_name}Config.cmake"
DESTINATION
${PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION})

然后我安装正在使用：

- cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="C:tmpinstall"
- cmake --build . --install target

一切似乎都被复制到正确的道路上。但是，当我尝试使用另一个使用我的测试库的项目find_package()时，出现以下错误：

CMake Error at C:/tmp/install/helloTargets.cmake:76 (message):
The imported target "hello::hello" references the file
"C://lib/hello.lib"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
"C:/tmp/install/helloTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
C:/tmp/install/helloConfig.cmake:33 (include)
CMakeLists.txt:15 (find_package)

它似乎缺少 cmake 安装目录的路径。如何修改安装功能，以便生成的配置文件可以被find_package()使用？

在您的 CMakeList 中，现阶段很少有几率的事情.txt ：

target_include_directories(${project_name}
PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/src/> 
# there is no header in this folder so this has no effect
# maybe create a include/ folder to make it more "legit"
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>)

您应该在target_sources中沿.cpp指定头文件。这有2个效果：
- 当你做安装(目标你好)时，你可以添加PUBLIC_HEADER关键字来安装属于目标的每个标头到${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}。这样，您就不需要使用正则表达式进行安装(目录)
- IDE 将向他们显示
在 helloConfig.cmake.in

if(NOT TARGET hello::hello)

我认为当您使用 configure_package_config_file() 时，生成的导出文件有一些逻辑可以防止多重包含。

~~最后，我认为您的主要问题是由于PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION的位置，如果您删除最后一个"/"，我认为它应该可以解决问题。~~

编辑 13.06 ：计算所有相对路径的基本路径是错误的，因为PROJECT_CMAKE_CONFIG_DESTINATION设置为"lib/../" 一些关于 CMake 如何计算相对路径

的文档您尝试使用"${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/.. 实现的目标。/" 实际上是 "." 所以基本路径是 ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}。另一种方法是安装在像${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake这样的子文件夹中，或者只是"cmake"工作