我可以做些什么来消除或最小化这种将提供相同功能和行为的代码重复

我有一组派生类，我使用一个函数在类实例化或创建时自动更新它们的内部ID值。最初，我在他们的基类或超类中有这个函数，它能给我正确的结果。然而，作为一个设计决策，我正在改变这种行为。

在第一个版本中，每次构造Component对象时，即使子类型不同，附加的数值也会增加。我不想要这种行为。我希望每个子类从[0]开始并向上计数。。。

我将执行此计算并将新值附加到成员stringid的函数从基类移动到派生类。然而，这现在正在创建代码复制，按照目前的设计，未来的每个子类都必须实现这个功能。。。

我想要与目前相同的功能和行为，但没有代码重复！

这是我当前的输出，这是我在显示ID时要寻找的行为：

Successfully connected Wire_001 to Wire_005
from Wire_001 to Bus_000
Successfully connected Wire_002 to Wire_006
from Wire_002 to Bus_000
Successfully connected Wire_003 to Wire_007
from Wire_003 to Bus_000
Successfully connected Wire_000 to Wire_005
from Wire_000 to Bus_000
Component Wire_000 already exists in Wire_004!
from Wire_000 to Bus_000
Successfully connected Wire_001 to Wire_000
Successfully connected Wire_002 to Wire_001
Successfully connected Wire_003 to Wire_002
Successfully connected Wire_000 to Wire_003
Successfully connected Wire_004 to Wire_008
from Wire_004 to Bus_001
Successfully connected Wire_005 to Wire_009
from Wire_005 to Bus_001
Successfully connected Wire_006 to Wire_010
from Wire_006 to Bus_001
Successfully connected Wire_007 to Wire_011
from Wire_007 to Bus_001
These are my connected components:
Wire_004 has Wire_000
Wire_005 has Wire_001 Wire_000
Wire_006 has Wire_002
Wire_007 has Wire_003

这是我当前的源代码：

main.cpp

#include <exception>
#include "Bus.h"
int main() {
try {
Wire w1, w2, w3, w4;
std::cout << w1.id() << " " << w2.id() << " " << w3.id() << " "<< w4.id() << "nn";
Bus<4> b1;
b1.connect(&w1, 0);
b1.connect(&w2, 1);
b1.connect(&w3, 2);
b1.connect(&w4, 3);
b1.connect(&w1, 1);  // Valid Connection: same wire to multiple bus wires
b1.connect(&w1, 0);  // Invalid Connection: trying to connect a same wire to the same bus wire multiple times...
std::cout << "n";
Bus<4> b2;
w1.connect(&w2);
w2.connect(&w3);
w3.connect(&w4);
w4.connect(&w1);
std::cout << "n";
b2.connect(&b1.wire(0), 0);
b2.connect(&b1.wire(1), 1);
b2.connect(&b1.wire(2), 2);
b2.connect(&b1.wire(3), 3);
std::cout << "nThese are my connected components:n";
for( size_t i = 0; i < b2.size(); i++ ) {
for (auto& component : b2.myConnections(i)) {
std::cout << "t" << component->id() << " has ";
auto connections = component->myConnections();
for (auto& c : connections) {
std::cout << c->id() << " ";
}
std::cout << 'n';
}
std::cout << 'n';
}

} catch (const std::exception& e) {
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

组件.h

#pragma once
#include <assert.h>   
#include <memory>    
#include <array>
#include <list>    
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>    
#include <string>
#include <sstream>    
class Component {
protected:
std::string id_ = "";
std::list<std::shared_ptr<Component>> components_;
explicit Component(const std::string& id) : id_{ id } {}
public:
virtual ~Component() {}
std::string& id() { return id_; }
void connect(Component* other) {
for (auto& l : components_) {
if (other->id_ == l->id()) {
std::cout << "Component " << other->id_ << " already exists in " << id_ << "!n";
return;
}
}
components_.push_back( std::make_shared<Component>( *other ) );
std::cout << "Successfully connected " << other->id() << " to " << id_ << "n";
}
virtual std::list<std::shared_ptr<Component>> myConnections() { return components_; }    
virtual void propagate() {};    
};

Wire.h

#pragma once
#include "Component.h"
class Wire : public Component {
private:
public:
explicit Wire(const std::string& name = "Wire") : Component(name) {
updateId();
};

virtual ~Wire() {}
virtual void propagate() override {
return;
}
private:
void updateId() {
static int i = 0;
std::stringstream strValue;
strValue << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << std::to_string(i++);
id_.append("_" + strValue.str());
}
};

总线h

#pragma once
#include "Wire.h"
template<size_t BusSize>
class Bus : public Component {
private:
std::array<std::shared_ptr<Wire>, BusSize> bus_interface_;
public:
explicit Bus(const std::string& name = "Bus") : Component(name) {
updateId();
createBus();
}
virtual ~Bus() {}
virtual void propagate() override {
return;
}
void connect(Component* component, size_t index) {
assert(index < BusSize);
assert(component != nullptr);
bus_interface_[index]->connect(component);
std::cout << "t from " << component->id() << " to " << id_ << "n";
}
Wire& wire(size_t index) {
assert(index < BusSize);
return *bus_interface_[index].get();
}
std::array<std::shared_ptr<Wire>, BusSize> bus() { return bus_interface_; }
std::list<std::shared_ptr<Component>> myConnections(size_t index) { 
assert(index < BusSize);
return bus_interface_[index]->myConnections();
}
size_t size() const { return BusSize; }
private:
void updateId() {
static int i = 0;
std::stringstream strValue;
strValue << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << std::to_string(i++);
id_.append("_" + strValue.str());
}
void createBus() {
size_t i = 0;
for (auto& w : bus_interface_) {
w = std::shared_ptr<Wire>(new Wire);
}
}
};

从这两个子类中可以看出，它们的成员函数::updateId():

void updateId() {
static int i = 0;
std::stringstream strValue;
strValue << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << std::to_string(i++);
id_.append("_" + strValue.str());
}

是我关心的代码重复。我可以做些什么来消除这种代码重复的依赖性，同时保持相同的功能和行为？