问:如何使用C++中的按钮从窗口打开窗口
Q: How can I open a window from a window using buttons in C++?
我最近开始学习C++，我想创建一个带有按钮的窗口，打开另一个带有更多按钮的窗口。以下是我尝试过的：
//some more code
if (LOWORD(param) == Settings) {
#define a 1
#define b 2
const char* CLASS_NAME = "Settings";
WNDCLASS se{};
se.hInstance = currentInstance;
se.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;
se.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
se.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW;
se.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcessMessages;
RegisterClass(&se);
CreateWindow(CLASS_NAME, "Settings", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 800, 600, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
return 0;
switch (msg) {
case WM_CREATE: {
CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("test"),
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD,
020, 530, 70, 15,
hwnd, (HMENU)a, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("ok"),
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD,
720, 530, 50, 15,
hwnd, (HMENU)b, NULL, NULL);
break;
}
}
}
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, param, lparam);
}
}
首先，您需要为子窗口创建一个新的winproc("设置"(，并将消息处理(创建按钮(放入该子winproc中。
而且，当您每次获得WM_COMMAND>时，您不需要注册子窗口("设置"(；Settings消息。你可以把"；设置"；窗口类注册与主窗口类注册一起。
示例是：(在Visual studio 2019中使用Windows桌面应用程序模板(
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
#define ID_SETTINGS 2
// Global Variables:
HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance
WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text
WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // the main window class name
// Forward declarations of functions included in this code module:
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
ATOM RegisterSettingsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK SettingsProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
_In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine,
_In_ int nCmdShow)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: Place code here.
// Initialize global strings
LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_WINDOWSPROJECT8, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
RegisterSettingsClass(hInstance);
// Perform application initialization:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
{
return FALSE;
}
HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_WINDOWSPROJECT8));
MSG msg;
// Main message loop:
while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
{
if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
//
// FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()
//
// PURPOSE: Registers the window class.
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_WINDOWSPROJECT8));
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_WINDOWSPROJECT8);
wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
ATOM RegisterSettingsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = SettingsProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_WINDOWSPROJECT8));
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_WINDOWSPROJECT8);
wcex.lpszClassName = L"Settings";
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
//
// FUNCTION: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
// PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window
//
// COMMENTS:
//
// In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and
// create and display the main program window.
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);
HWND hbutton = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("test"),
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD,
020, 530, 70, 15,
hWnd, (HMENU)ID_SETTINGS, NULL, NULL);
if (!hWnd)
{
return FALSE;
}
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
#define a 1
#define b 2
LRESULT CALLBACK SettingsProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("test"),
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD,
020, 530, 70, 15,
hWnd, (HMENU)a, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("ok"),
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD,
720, 530, 50, 15,
hWnd, (HMENU)b, NULL, NULL);
}
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
{
int wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
// Parse the menu selections:
switch (wmId)
{
case a:
MessageBox(hWnd,L"test",L"message",NULL);
break;
case b:
MessageBox(hWnd, L"ok", L"message", NULL);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
}
break;
case WM_PAINT:
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: Add any drawing code that uses hdc here...
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
//
// FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
// PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window.
//
// WM_COMMAND - process the application menu
// WM_PAINT - Paint the main window
// WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_COMMAND:
{
int wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
// Parse the menu selections:
switch (wmId)
{
case IDM_ABOUT:
DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
case ID_SETTINGS:
{
HWND hwnd = CreateWindow(L"Settings", L"Settings", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 800, 600, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
}
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
}
break;
case WM_PAINT:
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: Add any drawing code that uses hdc here...
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
// Message handler for about box.
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
switch (message)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
{
EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
}
break;
}
return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}
对于Win32学习，您可以参考以下文档：
Win32和C++入门
Win32 API 的编程参考
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